More specifically, the theory that deals with the proton is called Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) and so we actually call this “non-perturbative QCD”.ĭon’t worry about this terminology too much, but feel free to use it if you want to sound clever to that friend that thinks they know everything… We actually call this unpredictable nature “non-perturbative” Physics. Not exactly… This was just a way of introducing the unpredictable nature of protons in a collider. This is important as it also tells us that if we hadn’t run the experiment thousands of times, we wouldn’t have noticed this behaviour. This would mean that if we ran the experiment one more time, there would be a higher probability of us seeing the marbles hit and recoiling along the same line.Īlthough we couldn’t be certain about this, due to the random vibrations. Now imagine you start to see a larger number of experimental outcomes favouring the marbles hitting and recoiling straight back from one another. You have built up a data set with all your results from these experiments. BUT… let’s run this Quantum Marble experiment thousands of times. So we have some experiment where it seems we have a random outcome each time. Right then… One more thing to mention before we lose the marbles completely, is probability. ![]() And in general, we may have a slightly different outcome each time. This would mean that each time we ran the experiment, the marbles may hit each other at a slightly different point. Now imagine if these marbles were randomly vibrating as they were rolling along and thus causing fluctuations in our experiment. In our experiment, we were able to say with absolute certainty what was going to happen. But for the purposes of this article I’m just going to say that every result we predict from Quantum Mechanics that we are able to measure experimentally is a probability.Īssuming you haven’t lost yours yet, let’s get back to our marbles for a brief moment… We’re not going to go through any formal Quantum Mechanics here. We must turn a page and imagine a whole different world named “Quantum” Mechanics. It will thoroughly prepare learners for their upcoming introductory physics courses, or more advanced courses in physics.At this level, things get weird and we cannot rely on our normal intuitive so called “Classical” Mechanics. With 100 brief lectures and over 100 problems, this comprehensive course is similar in detail and rigor to those taught on-campus. Once the modules are completed, the course ends with an exam. ![]() ![]() Each of five modules contains reading links to a free textbook, complete video lectures, conceptual quizzes, and a set of homework problems. The course follows the typical progression of topics of a first-semester university physics course: Kinematics, Newton’s Laws, Energy, and Momentum. They will gain experience in solving physics problems with tools such as graphical analysis, algebra, vector analysis, and calculus. ![]() Upon completion, learners will have an understanding of how mathematical laws and conservation principles describe the motions and interactions of objects all around us. This course serves as an introduction to the physics of energy and momentum.
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